The principles of bullet design and flight are classically set out in Franklin Ware Mann's The Bullet's Flight From Powder to Target: Ballistics of Small Arms. Consistency in bullet production, allied to consistency in the assembly of cartridges ( quality control) should give excellent shot-to-shot consistency.
The resulting projectile should be streamlined for easier passage through the air.
Development of VLD bullets has focused on reducing a form factor defined as the sectional density divided by the ballistic coefficient. VLD bullets are long and heavy for their diameter, to achieve a high sectional density. The higher velocity of bullets with low drag coefficients means they retain more kinetic energy. A low drag coefficient flattens the projectile's trajectory and also markedly decreases the lateral drift caused by crosswinds. īullets with a lower drag coefficient decelerate less rapidly. VLD bullets typically have a ballistic coefficient greater than 0.5, although the threshold is undefined. Usage has been greatest from military snipers and long-range target shooters, including F-class and benchrest competitors, but hunters have also benefited. To achieve this, the projectile must minimize air resistance in flight. The jackets of these bullets are generally made out of a copper alloy (such as gilding metal or cupronickel)Ī very-low-drag bullet (VLD) is primarily a small arms ballistics development of the 1980s–1990s, driven by the design objective of bullets with higher degrees of accuracy and kinetic efficiency, especially at extended ranges. A traditional hollow point boat tail very-low-drag rifle bullet.
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